Hypertension
Blood pressure (BP) levels are continuously related to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Even within the normal range, people with higher levels of BP have higher rates of CVD.
Classification of BP levels for adults aged 18 years and older.
| Category | Systolic BP | Diastolic BP |
| Normal BP | < 130 mmHg | < 85 mmHg |
| High-normal BP | 130 – 139 mmHg | 85 – 89 mmHg |
| Grade 1 hypertension | 140 – 159 mmHg | 90 – 99 mmHg |
| Grade 2 hypertension | 160 – 179 mmHg | 100 – 109 mmHg |
| Grade 3 hypertension | =/> 180 mmHg | =/> 110 mmHg |
| Isolated systoli hypertension | =/> 140 mmHg | < 90 mmHg |
Routine clinical evaluation of a patient with elevated BP may include the following:
- Clinical and family history
- Full physical examination
- Laboratory investigations including:
- Urine analysis
- Renal function test (urea, creatinine, electrolytes), fasting glucose and lipids
- eGFR
- Resting ECG
- Chest x-ray
Treatment goals
The recommended target BP treatment levels are:
- BP < 140/90 mmHg in persons under 80 years old
- BP < 150/90 mmHg in persons aged 80 years and above.
Our hypertension chronic care programme will also look at the following:
| Essential Care Component | Recommended Frequency | |
| 1 | Weight & BMI Assessment | 6 monthly |
| 2 | Smoking Assessment | Annually |
| 3 | Fasting glucose & lipid Profile | At diagnosis |
| 4 | Cardiac Assessment – ECG / others | At baseline & when indicated |
